Нобелевская премия мира 1951—1975
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??????????? ?????? ???? — ??????? , ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ????????? ? ???? ?????????? ????? ? ????????????, ???????, ?? ?????? ????????, ?????????? ????? ? ???? ?????????? ???? .
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?????? ????????? ????????? ??????? (1833—1896). ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? , ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? .
??????????? ?????? ???? ????????? ? 1901 ????.
?????????? ?????????? ? ???????? ?????????
???????? ?????? ???????????? ????? , ????????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ???? :
- ????? ???????????? ??????????? ? ???????????? ????????? ?????.
- ????? ????????????? ?????.
- ??????? ?????????????; ?????????? ?????????? ????, ???????, ?????????, ????? ? ????????; ????????? ??????-????????????????? ?????????? ???? ? ??????? ????????.
- ????, ???????????? ??????????? ??????? ????.
- ????? ??????? ???????????, ???????????? ??????????? ??????? ????.
- ??????????? ? ?????? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????.
- ??????????? ? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????.
? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ??????, ??? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ?? ?????????.
???????? ?????? ???????????? ?????, ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? , ??????????? ??????????? ????????.
????????
??????????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ? 1901 ????. ??? ???? 19 ??? ??????????? ?? ???????????: ? 1914—1916, 1918, 1923, 1924, 1928, 1932, 1939—1943, 1948, 1955—1956, 1966—1967 ? 1972 ????. ???????? ????????????????? ??????? ???????????? ????? ? ??? ??????, ???? ?? ???? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???????? . ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ? 1901 ???? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ? ??????? ???????? ????? . ?? 97 ?????? 67 ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????, 22 ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ??????????, 2 ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ? 6 ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ? ???? ???????????. ??? ???? ? ?????? ???????????? ????? ?????????, ??? ?????? ???? «?? ? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????????» .
? 1901 ?? 2021 ???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? 109 ????? ? 25 ????????????. ??? ???? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? (1917, 1944 ? 1963 ??.), ? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? — ?????? (1954, 1981 ??.). ?????? ???? ????????? 18 ??????; ?????? ? 1905 ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? . ??????? ??????? ????? ?????????-?????, ?????????? ??????, ?????????? 61 ???. ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????? , ??????? ???? 17 ??? ?? ?????? ??????????? ? 2014 ????, ? ????? ??????? — ???????? ?????? ??????? , ?????????? ?????? ? 1995 ???? ? ???????? 87 ??? . ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????????? — ???? ???????????? ? 1961 ????. ? 1974 ???? ????? ???????????? ????? ???????????????, ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????????, ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????????? ?????? .
??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????????. ??? ????????? ????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ? ??????? ? ??????? 50 ??? . ?? ????????? ?? 2022 ??? ?? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????????? ?? 1970 ???? ???????????? .
??????, ????????? ??????
????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????, ????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ??????????, ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ???? ???????????? ?? ??????? ????????????:
- 1935 — ???? ??? ??????? «?? ?????? ? ???????????? ? ???????? »;
- 1975 — ?????? ?????????? ??????? «?? ??????????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ? ???????????? ?????? ?? ???????????????? ??????? ? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????? ???????????»;
- 1983 — ??? ??????? «??? ????? ?? ????? ???????? »;
- 1991 — ??? ??? ?? ??? «??? ???????? ???? ???????? »;
- 2010 — ?? ????? «?? ?????????? ???????????????? ?????? ?? ??????????????? ????? ???????? ? ?????»;
- 2022 — ????? ???????? «?? ?????????? ??????, ????? ????????????????? ??????? ????????????, ????????? ???? ???????? ? ??????????????? ???????»;
- 2023 — ?????? ????????? «?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ? ????? ? ?????? ?? ??????????? ???? ???????? ? ??????? ??? ????».
???????? ??????????
- ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? 61 ???. ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? , ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ? 2014 ???? ??????????? 17 ???. ????????? — 87-?????? ?????? ??????? , ?????????? ?????? ? 1995 ????.
- ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???? 1931 ???? ???????????? ???????? ? ???????, ????????? ????????????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?? ????????? ?????? 91 ???. ? ?? ?? ????? ?. ?. ???? , ?. ?????? ? ?. ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? .
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??????? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ? ???????? . ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ??????? , ??????? ??????? ?????? «?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? » ? 1994 ???? — ??? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ? ?????-??????????? ?????????? . ?????? ???????? ??????? ? ??????????? ?????? ????? , ???????????? ? 2009 ????, ????? ????????????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?????? . ??????????? ?????? ?? 2012 ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????? ?????????? ? ????????? ???????????? ?????? .
??????????
- ????? ? ?????, ? 3 (2002), ?. 38
- (????.) . ??????????? ???? ??????????? ?????? . ???? ?????????: 12 ??????? 2014. 18 ?????? 2016 ????.
- ? . Nobel Foundation. ???? ?????????: 19 ?????? 2016. 24 ?????? 2016 ????.
- (????.) . The Nobel Foundation. ???? ?????????: 7 ??????? 2022. 6 ???? 2015 ????.
- (????.) . ??????????? ???? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? . ???? ?????????: 13 ??????? 2014. 11 ??????? 2014 ????.
- . ?? ????? - ??????????? ???? ????????????. ???? ?????????: 15 ????? 2019. 18 ????? 2019 ????.
- . Mir24. ???? ?????????: 15 ????? 2019. 17 ?????? 2021 ????.
- ???? ?????????? (Sven Felix Kellerhoff). . ??????.Ru (6 ??????? 2017). ???? ?????????: 15 ????? 2019. 31 ?????? 2018 ????.
- ???? ??? . ?????????.????? (1 ??????? 2022). ???? ?????????: 3 ?????? 2023. 4 ?????? 2023 ????.
- . ??????????? (5 ?????? 2002). ???? ?????????: 15 ????? 2019. 11 ?????? 2021 ????.
- . ????. ???? ?????????: 15 ????? 2019. 10 ??????? 2020 ????.
- . ??? ???????. ???? ?????????: 15 ????? 2019. 22 ??????? 2020 ????.
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- (????.) ?? ??????????? ????? ??????????? ??????
- (????.) ?? ??????????? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????
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amity
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- 2
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Нобелевская премия мира 1976—2000
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Нобелевская премия
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