For the design and implementation of TEX, an innovative tool for the computer composition of documents of high typographical quality.

For the creation of WATFOR Compiler, the first member of a powerful new family of diagnostic and educational programming tools.

For their work in the design and implementation of APL/360, setting new standards in simplicity, efficiency, reliability and response time for interactive systems.

For his successful development and implementation of the Navy's COBOL Compiler Validation System.

For his pioneering study in quantitative computer performance analysis.

For his pioneering research which is embodied in the MYCIN program. MYCIN is a program which consults with physicians about the diagnosis and treatment of infections. In creating MYCIN, Shortliffe employed his background of medicine, together with his research in knowledge-based systems design, to produce an integrated package which is easy for expert physicians to use and extend. Shortliffe's work formed the basis for a research program supported by NIH, and has been widely studied and drawn upon by others in the field of knowledge-based systems.

For his development of a unique reading machine for the blind, a computer-based device that reads printed pages aloud. The Kurzweil machine is an 80-pound device that shoots a beam of light across each printed page, converts the reflected light across each printed page, converts the reflected light into digital data that is analyzed by its built-in computer, and then transformed into synthetic speech. It is expected to make reading of all printed material possible for blind people, whose reading was previously limited to material translated into Braille. The machine would not have been possible without another achievement by Kurzweil, that is, a set of rules embodied in the mini-computer program by which printed characters of a wide variety of sizes and shapes are reliably and automatically recognized.

For his many contributions to the rapidly growing field of personal computing and, in particular, to the hardware and software for the Apple Computer.

For his work in the development of local networks, specifically the Ethernet.

For his contributions to personal computing and, in particular, to the design of VisCalc. Brickin's efforts in the development of the "Visual Calculator" provide "the excellence and elegance that ACM seeks to sustain through such activities as the Awards program.

For his contributions in the area of computerized text-production and typesetting systems, specifically Scribe which represents a major advance in this area. It embodies several innovations based on computer science research in programming language design, knowledge-based systems, computer document processing, and typography. The impact of Scribe has been substantial due to the excellent documentation and Reid's efforts to spread the system.

For seminal contributions to object-oriented programming languages and related programming techniques. The theories of languages and development systems known as "Smalltalk" laid the foundation for explorations in new software methodologies, graphical user interface designs, and forms of on-line assistance to the software development process.

For establishing several key aspects of the theoretical basis for logic programming and providing a resolution theorem prover to carry out a programming task by constructing the result which the computer program is to compute. For proving the constructive technique correct and for presenting an effective method for constructing the answer; these contributions providing an early theoretical basis for Prolog and logic programming.

For his work on the Berkeley UNIX Operating System as a designer, integrator, and implementor of many of its advanced features including Virtual Memory, the C-shell, the vi Screen editor, and Networking.

For his contribution to very large scale integrated circuit computer aided design. His systems, Caesar and Magic, have demonstrated that effective CAD systems need not be expensive, hard to learn, or slow.

For his general contributions to the development of Higher Order Symbolic Programming, principally for his advancement of lexical scoping in LISP.

For his basic research on data parallel algorithms and for the conception, design, implementation and commercialization of the Connection Machine.

For pioneering work in the development of the extensible editor EMACS (Editing Macros)

For contributions in architecture and algorithms for chess machines. His work led to the creation of the Deep Thought Chess Machine, which led to the first chess playing computer to defeat Grandmasters in tournament play and the first to achieve a certified Grandmaster level rating.

For his early work laying the foundations for the C++ programming language. Based on the foundations and Dr. Stroustrup's continuing efforts, C++ has become one of the most influential programming languages in the history of computing.

For her early work relating computation, randomness, knowledge committee and proofs, which has shaped the foundations of probabilistic computation theory, computational number theory, and cryptography.

For the design and implementation of the IMPACT compiler infrastructure which has been used extensively both by the microprocessor industry as a baseline for product development and by academia as a basis for advanced research and development in computer architecture and compiler design.

For her seminal work on the probabilistic roadmap approach which has caused a paradigm shift in the area of path planning, and has many applications in robotics, manufacturing, nanotechnology and computational biology.

For his seminal work on the concept and implementation of Proof Carrying Code, which has had a great impact on the field of programming languages and compilers and has given a new direction to applications of theorem proving to program correctness, such as safety of mobile code and component-based software.

For his seminal work on mining association rules, which has led to association rules becoming a key data mining tool as well as part of the core syllabus in database and data mining courses.

For ground-breaking analysis of technology scaling for high-performance processors that sheds new light on the methods required to maintain performance improvement trends in computer architecture, and on the design implications for future high-performance processors and systems.

For models, algorithms, and deployed systems that assure stable and efficient Internet routing without global coordination.

For his work in finding a deterministic logarithmic-space algorithm for ST-connectivity in undirected graphs.

For the design of a system capable of learning a high-quality grammar for English directly from text.

For his work in measuring and characterizing the Internet.

For his ground-breaking work on automated program checking and bug-finding.

For his research combining computer science and game theory to analyze network routing among self-interested parties.

For his breakthrough construction of a fully homomorphic encryption scheme, enabling arbitrary computations to be performed on encrypted data without the data being decrypted.

For his research in harnessing the human side of human-computer interaction for computational goals.

For her seminal contributions to the theory and practice of network congestion control and bandwidth allocation.

For his work creating the movement of Software Defined Networking (SDN), a new paradigm in the research and practice of computer networking that provides a software alternative to hardware-based network components.

For technical contributions to the problem of object detection in images which have had very high impact in the fields of computer vision and machine learning.

For her seminal work on distributed hash tables, a fundamental contribution to the design of large-scale distributed and decentralized computing systems.

For the introduction and development of the concepts of Attribute-Based Encryption and Functional Encryption.

For developing visualization languages that have fundamentally changed the way people build and interact with charts and graphs across the Web.

For developing HARVEY, a massively parallel circulatory simulation code capable of modeling the full human arterial system at subcellular resolution and fostering discoveries that will serve as a basis for improving the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of human diseases.