Ямаути, Фусадзиро
- 1 year ago
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Interested Article - Ямаути, Хироси
ainsleigh
- 2020-04-23
- 1
?????? ?????? ( ??. ?? ? ?????? ?????? , 7 ?????? 1927 , ????? , ?????? — 19 ???????? 2013 ) — ???????? ?????????. ?? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???????? Nintendo , ?????????? ? ???? ????????? ? ????? 1949 ???? ?? 31 ??? 2002 ???? , ???????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? . ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? Nintendo ?? ????????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ???? ???????? ? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????? ? ?????????????????? ?????????.
? 1992 ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????? « ????? ???????? » (?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????????? Nintendo Of America ). ? 2008 ???? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ????? 149-? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ? ????, ??????? ?????????? ? 7,8 ???? ????. ???. ? 2012 ????, ???????? ?????? «40 ?????????? ????? ??????» ????????????? ??????? «Forbes», ?????? ??????? 11-? ?????.
?????????
?????? ????
??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????. ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ????, ????????? ?????, ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????, ????, ? ??????? ?? ???????, ???? ?? ?????, ?????? ????, ??????? ? ?????????? ????. ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????, ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ? ?????????? , ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? . ???????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????, ? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ? ???????, ?????? ??????, ?????????? ?????? ??????????? Nintendo. ? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ? ???????????????? ????? ? ?????, ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ? ?????????? ????, ??????, ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????, ????? ???????, ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???????. ????? ????????? ?????, ? 1945 ????, ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????????? — ?????? . ? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? (Michiko Inaba), ?????? ???????? ? ??????????? ????????, ??????????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? . ? ???????? 18 ??? ?????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ??????????.
?????? ??????? ? Nintendo
? ????? 1948 ????, ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ? ????????????, ?????? ???????? ???????, ? ? ???????? 66 ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ? ???????. ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????, ????? ?????? ?????, ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ? ????? ? ????????? ????? ??????, ??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???, ?????? ??????. ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????????, ?????? ?????? ?????-?? ?????, ? ????? 1949 ????, ?????? ??????? ? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????. ?????? ?? ???? ????? 1951 ????. ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ? ????????, ?? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ? ???????????. ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?????. ???????, ??????? ?? ??????????? ? ???????, ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????????? ???????. ? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????, ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????. ???? ???? ??????-??? ?????? ??????? «????????», ?????? ? ????????? ????????? ? ????? ??, ??? ?? ??? ??????? «???????????».
«? Nintendo, ? ??????? ?? ???? ????????, ??? ???????? „?????????????? ?????“ ??? ????-?? ?????????. ?????? ???? ?????? ??????, ??? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????????. ? ?????, ????? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ????????».
— Hironao Baba, «Nintendo go Abunai»
????? ?????? ????????? ????????, ? ????? ????????????? ????? ??? ??????????, ? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????????? ? ????????????? ????????? ???? ????????. ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????, ? ??????????? ????????, ????????? ?????? ???????, ???????? ??? «????????? ??????». ?????? ??????? ???????????? ? ???, ??? ???????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????????. ? 1951 ???? ?? ????????? ??? ????????, Marafuku ? Yamauchi Nintendo, ??????? ?????-?? ?????? ??? ???. ?????? ??????????? ????????, ??? ??? ????????, ?? ???? ???????????? ????? ? ??? ??, ????? ????? ????????? ???????????, ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????? Nintendo Koppai (??? ???????? «?????» ??? ?? «????? ???????») ? ?????? ?? ?????????.
? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????????????? ??? ???????????????? ???????? ? ????? ?????, ? ?????, ???????? ???????????????? ?????????? ? 0,4 ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???. ??? ??????? ???????? ? ??? ?????? ?????????? ? ????????, ??????????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ? ???????? ?? ???? ???????????. ??? ??? ? ????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????????, ??????? ???????? ??????????? ? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????????. ? ???? ?????? ? ????????? ???????? ?????? — ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????, ? ??????? ???? ???????, ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ?????? ?????.
? 1953 ????, ????????? ????????? ???????? ??????????, ???????? Nintendo ????????? ????????? ?????, ??? ??????, ??????? — ????????? ?????, ????????? ?? 100 % ?? ????????. ??? ? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????????, ?????????????? ?????? ??????, ??????? ? ????, ??? ? 1959 ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? 600 ????????? ??? (?? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? 150 ????????? ???). ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ? ????????? « Walt Disney » ? ?????????? ????? ?? ????????????? ?????????? ? ????? ?????????. ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? — ? 1964 ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? 600 ????????? ???. ? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????, ? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????, ? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? Nintendo ? ?????? ? Nintendo Co. LTd ?? ??????. ??????, ?????? ??????? ????????????? ???? ????????? ? ?????? ? ??? ??? Nintendo ??????????? ????????. ??? ????, ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ? ???????????, ? 1956 ???? ?????? ?????? ? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ? ??? ? ????????????? ? ????????????? ??????? ??????????? ? ???????????? ????????. ? ????? ????????? ???????? United States Playing Card Company, ?????????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ????. ????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? — ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ? ???????. ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ? ???, ??? ???????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????????.
????? ??????????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????????????? ????????. ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? Nintendo ????????? ???? ?? ????? ????????????????? ?????, ????????? ???? ?????? ????? «Daiya» (? ???????? ? ????????? ???????? «?????») ? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????????? «????????? ?????», ? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ???????????? ???????? ?????. ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????????? ???? ?? ????? ? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????????. ? ?????? ? 1963 ?? 1965 ??? ? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ????????? ??????? ????????? ? ????, ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??????. ? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????: ?????? ???? (Gunpei Yokoi) ? ????? ??????? (Iroshi Imanishi). ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ? ??????? ???? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??????? Nintendo ????? ????? ? ?????. ? 1965 ???? ???? ?????? ???????????? ? ??????? — ?????. ???? ???????? ?????? ? ???????????? ?????????? ???. ? ?????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? — ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????, ???????????? ??????? « Ultra Hand », ???????? ?? ????? ? 1967 ????, ?????? ??????????? ????????????, ?????? ????????? ? ?????????? 1,2 ???????? ???? ? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????. ???????? ??????, ???????, ??? ???????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????????, ???????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????????????. ?????? ????????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????, ?????? ????????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ????????? «??????», ? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???, ??????? ? ???????????? ?????????, ????????? ???????? ???????. ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ?????????. ?????? ?????? ? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? Nintendo — Ultra Machine, Love Tester ? ???????? ????????. ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????. ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? Nintendo ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????.
??????????? ??????? ? ??????? ????????
????????? ???????????? ???? ? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????, ??? ????? ???????????? ??????????????? ????????? ? ??????????????? ?????????, ????????? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????????. ???????????? ???????? Atari ? Magnavox ??? ????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????????. ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ? Magnavox ? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????? ??????? Magnavox Odyssey . ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ? ????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????????. ?? ? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????????? ??????. ? 1969 ???? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???? «Love Tester», ??????????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ???????????? ??? ???????. ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? ? Nintendo ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ????????. ????? ?? ?????? ? ????????? ????? ???????????? ???????? Sharp , ??????? ????????? ? Nintendo ?????????? ????? ???????????, ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? . ? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ? Nintendo ? ????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ????. ??????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????????????? ??????? «Kosenju SP», ??????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????????.
???? ???????????? ??????????????? ???????, ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ?????-?? ????? ???? ???????? ? ?????? ? ????? «???????????????? ????????????????», ????????????? ????, ?????? ? ?????????????? ??????????????? ??????????. ???? ?????? ??????????? ? ? 1971 ???? ????????? ????????? «??????? ???????? ????????» ??? Laser Clay Shooting System. ?????????? ? 1973 ????, ????? ?????-?? ????? ??? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????. ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????????, ? ???, ????? ??? ????????, ???????? Nintendo ??????????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ? ?? ????? ???? «Pong», ? ?????????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ??????? , ?? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????, ????????? ?????????? ? ????????????.
???????????? ? ???? ?????? ????? ??????????? ? ????????????? ? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????????. ????????????? ????????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????, ?????? ???????. ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ? ??????, Radar Scope, Space Fever ? Sheriff ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ???????. ????? ???????? ?????, ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? Radar Scope ?????-?????? ????? ?????. ? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? « Donkey Kong », ??????? ????? ??????? ?????.
???? ??, ? ???? ???????, ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ? ??-??????? ? ????????????????. ???? ???????? ???????? « Game & Watch », ????????? 59 ???????? ? ????????????? ?? 1991 ????. ??????, ???????? ?? ????? Game & Watch, ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???????, ??????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???????????, ? ????????? ??????????, ??? ?????? ?? ???????????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????, ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????????.
Famicom/ Nintendo Entertainment System
????? ??????? ?????? Color TV Game 6 ? Color TV Game 15 ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???? — ??????? ???????, ????????? ??????????, ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????????. ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? , ?? ? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????. ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ? ???, ????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????, ??? ??? ????? ???????? ? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???????. ??, ???????????? ? ???? ?? ?????, ????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ? ????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????. ???????????? ? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ????? ???????, ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????????, ? ?? ????????. ? ??? 1983 ???? ?? ????????? ? ?????? ?????????? ? ???????? ????????? ??????, ? ??????? ????????, ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????. «????? ?????????? ?? ???????, ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????, ????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ???????????. ?????? ????? ?? ? ?????? ???????????? ???? ??????» . ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????????? ??????-??????. ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ???????? ????? ???????, ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????: Famicom (??? ?? family computer , ?? ???? ???????? ?????????). ?? ????????? ???????? ?? ????????, ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? 9800 ???, ?????? ? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ? ??????? ?? ???? ? 14 800 ???. ?? ???? ??? Famicom ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????????? (????????????? ??????? ?? Sega SG-1000 ? ???????? ??????? Atari 2800 ??????????? ? ??????? ????????? ????? 30 000 ? 50 000 ???). ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ????? ???????, ??? ????????, ??? ? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ? ?????????? ???????? ???????????. Famicom ????? ??????????? ??? ??????. ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????????????. ?????? ?????, ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????, ? ?????????. ????? ????????? ??? Famicom, ?????? ???????? ?? Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), ????????? ? ??????? ? ?? ???????????? ?????. ??? ??????, ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ? ?????, ?????????? ???????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????? ???. ????????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ???????????????, ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ? ???????, Nintendo ???????? ??????. ??? ????, ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????????????, ?? ?????? ??? ??????-????????????????? ?????? ? ???????? ?? ????????????? ???? ? ??????. ??? ??????? ? ????, ??? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????, ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????.
Super Famicom/ Super Nintendo Entertainment System
????? ? 16-?????? ??????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????????? ???, ????? ????? ????????? ?????? NES. ? ????? ????????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ??????-????????????????? ????????????? R&D Division 2 ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????? 8-?????? Famicom. ? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????????? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ????????? — ??????? Famicom ????????? ?????, ? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????, ???, ???? ???????? ????????????? ?? ?????, ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????, ?? ??????????? ? ??????? ??????. ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????????, ??? ??? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?? $75. ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ????????? Sony ? ?????? ??? Playstation 2 . ? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????. ???????????? ??????????? ?????????? 32 000 ?????? ??????? SNES ? ???????????? ?????? ? Sega Mega Drive , ??????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? 512 ??????. ???????????? ??????? Super Famicom 21 ?????? 1990 ????, ? ? ?????? ?????? 300 000 ???????? ???? ??????? ? ??????? ?????? ???? ????. ? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ??????? 2 ???????? ????????, ? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ? ???? ???? ??????? ????? 4 ?????????. ???????? ? ?? ?? ????? ????? ? ??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??????? Game Boy , ? Nintendo ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????????. ?????? ?? ????????? ??????????????? ???????? «???» ?? ??????? ?????????, ?, ???? ?? ??? ??????? ? ???? ?? ?????, ?????? ?? 1993 ???? ?? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????. ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? SNES ???? ?????? ??????? ???, ????????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????.
Nintendo 64
? 1996 ???? ???????? Nintendo ????????? Nintendo 64 , ???????, ????????? ????????? ???????? ? ?????????? ????????, ? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????????? ??????????? ???????? — Virtual Boy . ???????????? ? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? Super Mario 64 , ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????. ? 1999 ???? ?????? ??????? ? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????, ???????????? ?????????????? IBM Gekko ? DVD -?????????? ???????? Matsushita . ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? Dolphin . ? 2001 ???? ?? ????????? ???????? «Nintendo Space World» ?????? ???????, ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????????????? ??? Nintendo 64 ????? ???????. ???? ??????????? ? ???, ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????, ?, ?????????????, ???????? ???????? ???, ????????? ?? ????? ???????. ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????????, ? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ? ???????????? ???. ?? ?????? ??????, ????????? ??????? ?? Nintendo, Gamecube, ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ? ??????????????? ??????????? ? ???????????? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???.
Nintendo GameCube
?????? ???????????? Nintendo GameCube ??? ??????, ????????? ??? ????, ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????????; ?? ??????, ??? ???? ?????? ? ????? ?????????? ?? ??????? Microsoft ? Sony ? ????? Xbox ? Playstation 2. ?? ???????, ??? GameCube, ?????????????????? ????????????? ?? ?????, ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????, ???????? ? ?????????? ????????????? ??????? ???????????, ??? ?????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? (? Xbox, ? Playstation 2 ????? ?????????????? ? DVD ? CD-ROM , ? Xbox ???? ?????????? ??????? ????). ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????, ??????? ?? ????????? ????????????? «????????? ???? ????? ? ?????????????», ???, ??? ??????? ??????, ??????? GameCube ?????????? ?? ????? ???????????. ?????? ?????, ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????, ????????? ????? ? ??, ??? ???? «?? ?????? ? ???? ??????. ??? ?????? ? ?????????, ? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????, ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ???? ?????????. ?????????????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????». ?????????????, Nintendo ?????????? ???? ?? GameCube ??????? ????, ??? ? ???????????, ???? ???? ??????????? ?? ??? ?? ????, ??? ? ???? ??? ????????????? ??????.
Nintendo DS
?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ? ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? Nintendo DS , ??????, ?? ????????????? ?????? ????? , ????? ?? ????????? ???????, ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ? ????? ??????????, ???? ?????????????? ????????????? ? ???????????? ??????? ? ????? ????????. «??? ??????? ??????? ????? ? ????? ????????», — ???????? ??????.
?????
? 1950 ???? ???? ??????, ??????, ?????? ?? ??????? ???????, ???? ?? ????? ????. ?? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????????, ? ???? ??? ????? ??????. ? 1957 ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????, ???????, ?, ?????? ????? ?????, ???? ?? ????? ????????. ????? ???? ??????, ?????????, ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????? ?????, ??? ????????? ????????????? ? ???. ????? ?????? ???? ????? 30 ???, ? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ? ???????? ???, ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????????. ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ? ?? ??????? ???????, ? ????????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????. ?? ????? ??????????? ???? ???? ? ???, ??? ?? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ? ?????, ????? ??? ??? ??? ???. ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? — ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????. ? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? .
???????
? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ??????? «????? ????????» ???? ?????????? ?? ???????, ? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????, ????? ??????, ???????? Nintendo Of America ????? ????????? ?????????, ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ? ??????. ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????, ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??????????? ?????. ???? ???????? ?? ??, ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????????, ??????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ? ??????? ?? ????????????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????, ??? ? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????, ? ?????????? ?? ????????. ??????, ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ?????????????? ??????, ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????????, ??????????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???????, ??? ? ?????? ????? ?????? 50 % ????? ??????. ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ????. ? 2000 ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? 2,6 ???????? ???????? ? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ??????. ??????, ??????? ?????????? «????? ????????», ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????.
????? Nintendo
31 ??? 2002 ???? ?????? ???? ? ????????? ?????????? Nintendo, ? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ?????? ????? .
«???? ?? ? ???? ???? ???????? ????, ??? ? ???? ????? ?????????? ????????, ?? ? ?? ??? ??????? ? ????? ?????. ?? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????????, ? ?????? ???? ?????. ????? ?? ??????? ??? ? ???, ??? ??? ????? ???? ? ???????? — ??? ??????? ? ?????? ??????????????».
— Osamu Inoue, «Nintendo Magic»
???????????? ?????? ???? ????????????? ?????? ?????????? Nintendo. 29 ???? 2005 ???? ??-?? ???????? ? ??????, ??? ??????????, ??? ????????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????, ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ????????? ? ?? ?????? ?? ????????, ???????, ??? ????????, ?????????? ?? 9 ?? 14 ????????? ???????? — ?????? ??????, ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? Nintendo. ???????? ?? ???? ???? — ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? Nintendo. ?? ????????? ?? 2008 ???, ?? ?????? 10 % ????? Nintendo. ????????? ?????? Nintendo DS ? Nintendo Wii ? ?????? ??????? «Forbes» ?? 2012 ??? ?? ???????? 11-? ??????? ? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????. ?? ????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ?? 7,5 ????????? ???, ????????????? ?? ??? ?????????????. ????? ?????? Wii U ? ???????? ???? ?? Nintendo 3DS ???? ????? Nintendo ????? ?? 12,290 ???, ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ? 2009 ????. ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? 312 ????????? ???????? (???????? 24,2 ????????? ???).
????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? 19 ???????? 2013 ???? ?? ?????????. ??? ???? 85 ???.
??????????
- ? Gorges, Florent. (?????.) . — Pix'n Love Publishing, 2008—2010. — ISBN 978-2-918272-15-1 .
- ? Sheff, David. Game Over . — Random House, 1999. — ISBN 0-679-40469-4 .
- ? Inoue, Osamu. . — Vertical, Inc., 2010. — ISBN 978-1-934287-22-4 .
- . ???? ?????????: 1 ??????? 2017. 27 ???? 2018 ????.
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ainsleigh
- 2020-04-23
- 1
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Нома, Хироси
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