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?????? ? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????????? . ? 12 ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ? ????? ???????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ???????, ??????? ??????????? ???????? (???????????????? ?????????) ? ????????????? ????? ? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ????, ????? ???????????????? ?????????. ??? ??????????? ?? ???????? ? ???? ????????????? ????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ? . ? ????????, ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????????? — ???????, ??????? ???????????? ?????????, ? ????????????? ? ??????? ? ????????? ??????????? ??? ????, ????? ???? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????. ????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ? ????? ????????.
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??????????????? ??? ???????????????? ????????????, ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???????-????????. ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ? ????????????? ????????? ????. ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????, ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????, ?????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????? ? ????? ?????????? ? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????????. ???? ??? ????? ? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????. ? ???????? ???????????? ????????????? ????? ?????????????? ??????? ( jhanjh ), ( pakhavaj ), ????? , ? ?????????? .
?????? ?????????????? ?????? ???????????, ??????? ???????????? ? ????? ?????????, ??????? ??????, ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????, ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????. ?? ????? ????, ???????????? ?????????? ? ????????????? ??????????, ????????? ????? ?? ???, ??? ?? ??????????? ? ?????????. ??? ? ???????? ?????????? ? ????? ??????? ?????????.
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??? ????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ?????????????? ???????, ? ????? ?????, ????? ??? ??????? , M?????????? ? ????????? . ?????? ???? ??????? ???????????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????, ???????? .
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?????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????, ??? ?????????? ???????? . ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ? ?????? , ??? ???????? «????????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????». ??????? ??? ?? ????????????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????: ?????????? (???????? ??? ?????????), ???? (?????????????) ? ????? (??????). ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????, ? ??????? ????????? ? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????????. ???? ???????? ????????? ? ??????? ? ????????????. ????? - ????????? ??? ??????, ? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ???????, ? ??????? ????????????, ? ????? ??????? ? ??????? ????? ???????. ??? ?????? ?????????? ? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? . ??????, ??? ??????? ????????????? ??????????, ???????????? ???? ????? ????? ????????????????? ? ???????????? ?????? ?????.
??? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ? ??????????? ???????, ??? ?????????? ? ?????????? ??????, ???, ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???????????, ????? ???????? ???? ????????? , ?????? ??????. ????? ?????, ?????????????? ?????? ? ??????? ??????, ??????? ???? ?? ?????????, ????? ??? ?????? ????????????. ????? ????????, ? ????? ????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????? . ? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????????, ???? ????????? ? ????? ?????????????????? ??????????, ??? ????? ?????????? ??????????????, ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????????, ????????? ? ??? ?????. ????????????? ????????????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? , ???????????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ????? ????????????? ?????. ?? ????????? ? ????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????. ???????? ???????, ??? ??? ?????, ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????, , ??? ????? ???????? ???????, ???????? ???????, ?????????. ??? ????, ????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ??? ???????? ? ????? ?? ????? ? ?????????, ?????? ?? ???????????? ??? ????, ????? ???????? ???????. ??????? ???????????? ???, ????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????? ? ???????? ???? ???????, ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ???????. ??? ?????? ????????????? ?? ?????????? ????, ??? ??? ??????? ? ??????????? ????????? ?????????
????? ????? ??????????? ?????????????, ??? ? ??????????? , ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?????, ???? ???????? ?????????? , ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ????.
???????
? ?????? , ????????????? , ?????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????? ? XII ????. ???? XV ????, ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????, ??????? ????????? ???????? , ??? ?????????????? ??????? ????- ???????? . ????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? , ????????? ? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ? XVI ????, ??? ?? ??????????? ? ????? ?????????. ? (17-? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????. ?????? (XVII ?.) ??????? ?????? ?????????, ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? . ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ? XVI—XVII ?????. ????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ? ??? ????? ??? . ?? ??????? ????????? , ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????-???. ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ? ??????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???. ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ? ????? ??????? ? XIX ????. ????? ????????? ???????????? ????? ?????????????, ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ??????, ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????. ? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ? ????????? ????????? ??????.
??. ?????
??????????
- Datta, Amaresh. (????.) . — Sahitya Akademi, 1987. — P. 28, 29, 121—122. — ISBN 8126018038 .
- Mukherjee, Sujit. (????.) . — , 1999. — ISBN 8125014535 .
- . India Today 12012004 (12 ?????? 2004). ???? ?????????: 12 ???? 2016. 12 ??????? 2016 ????.
- Dalal, Roshen. (????.) . — Penguin Books India, 2010. — P. 17. — 483 p. — ISBN 9780143414216 .
- Mahurkar, Uday (????.) . India Today (12 ?????? 2004). ???? ?????????: 17 ??????? 2010. 12 ??????? 2016 ????.
doriana
- 2020-01-25
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