Остров Шёнау
- 1 year ago
- 0
- 0
Interested Article - Нау Нихал Сингх
cathleen
- 2020-12-14
- 2
????????? ??? ????? ????? ( ????. Maharaja Nau Nihal Singh ; 9 ????? 1821 — 6 ?????? 1840) — 3-? ????????? ???????? ??????? ? ???????? (1839—1840).
?????? ?????
??????? 11 ??????? 1821 ???? ? ?????? , ??????? ???????? ??????? . ???????????? ??? ??????? ?????? (1801—1839), 2-?? ????????? ???????? ???????, ? ???????? ???? ???? (1802—1842).
? ?????? 1837 ???? ? ???????? ??????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? (? — 1856), ?????? ?????? ??????? (1790—1846) ?? ??????? ?????? ? ???????????? ?????? ???????? .
??? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ? ?????? , ?????? ? ???????? ???????????? ???, ??????????? ?????????????? ?????? ????, ?? ???????? ? ????? . ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????????? ?????? ????? ??????. ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????, ?????????? ???? ???????, ???, ???????? ?? ??, ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????, ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? .
??????
??? ????? ??????????? ????????????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????????. ????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? 5 ?????? 1840 ???? , ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ? ???? ???? ? ?????? . ????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ????? , ??? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ? ???? ??? ????????? . ???? ?? ????????? — ????? ????? (????????? ????? ??????)- ?????? ???? ??? ? ???? ?? ?????.
?? ?????? , ??????? ??? ????? ? ?????????? ????? ?? ??? ??????, ????? ????????? ????????, ????? ??????? ???? ?????????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????: ?? ??? ?????????? ??????, ????? ?????? ??????????????, ? ??????????, ????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??-?? ????????????? ???????? . ??????, ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ? ??? ????? ? ???????, ?? ???????, ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????, ? ???????? ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ????? . ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???, ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ? ?????? ???. ??? ????? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????, ???? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????, ??????? ???????? ?????? . ?? ?????? ????????, ???? ????????????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ? ???????: ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????????????, ???? ???? ? ?????? ? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ? ??????, ? ???? ????? ??? ?????????? ?????? . ??????? ? «?????? ????????» ???????: "???????????? ???????? ?????, ??????????? ???????? ???? ??????, ???? ?????????????, ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????, ?? ?????????, ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? . ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????????????? ???????, ????? ??????????? ?? ? ???, ????? ??? ????? ????????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????. ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? (?????? ??????) ".
??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????, ? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ????? ?????????????? ??????? ? ???????, ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ? ?????-???? ???????????, ??????????? ? ?????-???? ?????? ? ????????? ?????? ???????. ????????????, ??? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????, ???????? ????? ??????, ??-?? ??? ??????????????? ???????, ??????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ???????. ? ???? ????????????? ??????? ? «?????????? ??????» ??. ?. ??????????? ????? «?????? ????????? ????????, ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????, ????????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ????????????. ?????????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? … ?? (?????) ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ? ??????? ???????» .
??? ????? ??? ?????????? 6 ?????? 1840 ???? ? ???????? 19 ???. ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???????????? ???????? ???????. ??? ???? ????? 11 ???? 1842 ???? .
???????????????
????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? , ? ?????? — ??? ???? ???? ???? . ???????, ?????????????? ???? ????, ?????????, ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? . ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????, ? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ? 70-???????? ??????. ? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ? ?????????? ??????, ? ??? ????? ??? ????????? 18 ?????? 1841 ???? . ????????? ??????? ??????, 11 ???? 1842 ???? , ????? ???? ????? ????? ??, ???????? ?????, ????? ??? ??, ??? ???? ?? ???. ?????? ???????? ???????-????????? ??????? ???????, ??? ?????????? ?? ???, ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? .
??? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? (?????) ? ????????? ???? ????? ?????, ????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????? ????????.
?????
? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????:
- 1-? ???? ? 10 ????? 1837 ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? (? — 1856, ?????), ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????????
- 2-? ???? — ???????? ????? ???? ?????? (? — 1841, ?????), ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????????
- 3-? ???? — ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? (? — 6 ?????? 1840, ?????), ???? ??????? ?? ????????
- 4-? ???? — ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? (? — 6 ?????? 1840), ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????????.
? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????:
- ??????? ???????? ?????
- ?????????? ????? (?????????, ??? ??????????? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? 3 ???).
??????????
- ?? 22 ??? 2020 ?? Wayback Machine The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency.
- .
- , p. 110.
- ? , p. 111.
- , pp. 110—111.
- Honigberger,Thirty Five Years in the East,Vol.1,p.105
- , p. 112.
- , p. 114.
- , p. 115.
- , pp. 115—116.
??????????
- William Dalrymple. / William Dalrymple, Anita Anand. — Juggernaut, 2016. — ISBN 978-93-86228-08-6 .
??????
??? ????? ????? — ??????
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
cathleen
- 2020-12-14
- 2
Warning: Undefined array key 5601846 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5650266 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6687195 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6699956 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5357133 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5436102 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5467312 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5586200 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5851337 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5866055 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5976016 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6076191 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6085142 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6289441 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6351193 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6377359 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6401277 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6442145 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6442368 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6451720 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6559649 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6559659 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7246489 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7391382 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7527425 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7674027 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 8158948 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Шёнау-Берцдорф
- 1 year ago
- 0
- 0
Хари Сингх
- 1 year ago
- 0
- 0
