Гагаев, Ибрагим Элимхазиевич
- 1 year ago
- 0
- 0
Interested Article - Аксаур
isla
- 2020-08-29
- 1
?????? — ???? ? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? , ?????? ? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? .
?????????
???????????: ? 7 ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????? , ? 28 ?? ?? ????????? ???? ? ? 152 ?? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????????? . ???? ????????? ??? ????? (? ??????? — ?. ??????).
????????
??????? ??????? ????? ? ???????, ? ??????????. ???????? «??» — «?????», «????» — «???????? ??????? ????». ?????? ?????? — «????? ????» .
?? ??????????, ?? 1929 ????, ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? (???????? ???????, ????????? ??????? , ????????????? ?????? ??? , ??????? ). ????? «????????» ?? ???????????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? «???????» (« ???? » ?????????? ?? ???. « caesar» ), ????????, ?????? ? ??????????? ????? ???????? ?????????, ???????????? ?????????????? ??????? ???????? ????? .
.Simbirskaja_cherta.jpg)
??????? — ??? ????????? , ?????? ???????? ????? ???????????? («???????») ?? ??????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ?????? ? ???????????, ?? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? . ? 1708 ????, ????? ?????????-?????????? ????? ???? ?????????????, ?? ????????? «???????» ???? ??????, ??? ? ? ?????? ?????????? ???????, ? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? .
???????
???????? ? 1647 ????, ??? ??????? ????? ?????????-?????????? ????? ? ?????????? ???????? ??????? .
? 1688 ???? ? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? .
? 1704 ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? .
? 1708 ????, ??? ???????????????-???????????????? ??????? ????? I , ???? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ???????? .
? 1754 ???? ? ???? ?????? (???????) ????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????, ? ? 1874 ???? ?????????? ?????? ? ????????? ?? ????? ?????. ????????? ? ??? ???: ??????? (????????) — ? ????? ????????? ???????? ? ? ??????? (??????) — ?? ??? ???????????? ????? ??????? .
? 1780 ???? ???? ?????? , ??? ????? ?????, ???????? ?????? , — ? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ?????????????? .
?? 1808 ??? ???? ?????????? ????????????? ?????? ??? .
? 1859 ???? ???? ?????? (???????) ?? 2-? ????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ???????? .
? 1861 ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????.
? 1918 ???? ? ???? ??????? (??????) ??? ??????? ?????????.
?? 1924 ??? ? ??????????? ?/? ???????: ?. ??????? (??????), ?????? ??????, ?. ???????? , ?. ???????? .
? 1930 ???? ?? ????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ??????, ??????? ???? ???????????????? ??????? ??????????? ?/?, ? ??????? ???????: ?. ??????, ?. ???????? .
? 2021 ???? ???????? ????????????? ??????? ? ???? ?????? .
?????????
- ?? 1780 ??? ? ???? ????: 321 ????????? ???? ;
- ?? 1859 ??? ? ????, ? 163 ?????? ????: 610 ?????? ? 691 ??????? ;
- ? 1900 ???? ? ???? ?????? (???????) ? 203 ?????? ????: 740 ? ? 765 ?. ;
- ? 1913 ???? ? ?????? 368 ??????: 1160 ?????? ? 1004 ??????? .
- ?? 1924 ??? ? ???? ???????? ? 357 ?????? ????: 1794 ????????, ??????? ????? 1-? ??????? .
- ?? 1930 ??? ? ???? ?????? ? 361 ????? ???? 1830 ??????? .
- ?? 2010 ??? — 164 ????????.
- ?? 2016 ??? ? ???? ????????? 153 ????????, ??????????????? ??????? .
????????? ????????
- ?????? ?????????-???????? ??????? ????????? ?????? (1887—1931 ??.). ??????? ??????? «??? ??? ???????????», «???? ??? ????????», «??????? ???????» ? ?????? .
?????????????????????
- ? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????, ???????? ? ???? ??????? ????????????? ????? (1981) .
??????????
- ?. ?????? «?????????? ????». — ????? , 1935. — ?. 211.
- ?. ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????, ??????????, ?????????? ? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? 1900 ???? (?????????? ? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?? 1903 ???) ????????, ????-?????????? ?.?. ????????., 1903.
- ??????????? — ?????????? ???????????? : ? 2 ?. / ???. ? ????. ?. ?. ??????. — ????????? : ?????????? ?????, 2000—2004.
- ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? / ?????????? ???? / 1780 ?.
??????????
- ? ?. ?. ??????????. . — 1901. 21 ??????? 2020 ????.
- ? . inza.ulregion.ru . ???? ?????????: 22 ?????? 2020. ???????????? ?? 26 ??????? 2020 ????.
- ? . archeo73.ru . ???? ?????????: 22 ?????? 2020. 17 ??????? 2020 ????.
- ? . archeo73.ru . ???? ?????????: 22 ?????? 2020. ???????????? ?? 17 ??????? 2020 ????.
- ? XVII ???? — ??? ?????????, ??? ???? ???????? ????. ? XVII—XIX ????? ???????? «???????» ??????????? ?? ??????????? ????????, ??????? ???? ??????????? ? «????????» ??????, ?????????? ??????.
- ? . archeo73.ru . ???? ?????????: 22 ?????? 2020. 31 ???? 2020 ????.
- . www.etomesto.ru . ???? ?????????: 20 ??? 2022. 26 ??????? 2021 ????.
- ? ?. ?. ????????. . elib.shpl.ru . ???? ?????????: 23 ?????? 2020. 10 ???? 2020 ????.
- ? . ???? ?????????: 23 ?????? 2020. 27 ??????? 2020 ????.
- . 73online.ru . ???? ?????????: 15 ???? 2022. 26 ???????? 2021 ????.
- ?. ?. ????????. . elib.shpl.ru . ???? ?????????: 23 ?????? 2020. 6 ???? 2020 ????.
- . ???????? . ???? ?????????: 22 ?????? 2020. 27 ?????? 2020 ????.
- . ulrgo.ru . ???? ?????????: 24 ????? 2022. 10 ??? 2021 ????.
- . Artchive . ???? ?????????: 24 ????? 2022.
- ???? ?????????: 23 ?????? 2020. 11 ??? 2021 ????.
isla
- 2020-08-29
- 1
Warning: Undefined array key 8168555 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 4970567 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5095890 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6962434 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5148366 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7714213 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5622873 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6433444 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6167472 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5285914 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5475419 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5590545 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7215567 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7435290 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6819222 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6655218 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7347916 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6357855 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5912447 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5630232 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6126674 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7191530 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5791288 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7901052 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5474488 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7318277 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5826496 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6807879 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6962331 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7639497 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7645147 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 8190656 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5838315 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 4924894 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6081408 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5354372 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6029621 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5518143 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7542944 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7745552 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6220055 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6110385 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5206905 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5033306 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5545203 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 6948668 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5640277 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 5598601 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Undefined array key 7927219 in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
Warning: Trying to access array offset on value of type null in /home/wiki/wafarin.com/pages/page_article.php on line 193
